; TeX output 1996.03.05:1349t/&HFCDtqGcmr17CUsingBtheWSUInuNternationalPhoneticZAlphabet#􍍍9XQ ff cmr12W4ashington/StateUniversityrJanuary/9,1990January/11,1993= !", cmsy10VyJuly/16,1994=yFJ'ANG cmbx12A1DPrefaceb#'0XQ cmr12ThisusersguideisinrtendedtoserveasahelpandsupplementtotheWVash-'ingtonPStateUnivrersityPInternationalPhoneticAlphabSet('K`y 3 cmr10WSUIPeA)PYfonts.}It'is1notinrtendedtobSeamanualonT UE!X,LDD"|{Ycmr8A_T UEX,linguistics,or1thecorrect'usage0ofthecrharacters,BMaccents0anddiacriticsconrtainedwithinthefont. 9It'isJassumedthattheuserisfamiliarwiththevrersionofLDD"A_T UE!Xheorsheis'usingbandwiththecrharacterscontainedwithintheWSUIPeAfont.Because'therusesforaphoneticalphabSetfonrtareprobablyasvXariedasthemanydis-'ciplines`whicrhusethecharacters,|:thisguideisintendedtomerelyshowsome'ofNthemostcommonwraysNofusingtheWSUIPeAfonrt.USurelyeachpSerson'whoimplemenrtsthefontwilldevelophisorherownfavoritewayofworking'withandusingthefonrt.9The!principalsourceofinformationregardingthecrharactersandtheir'shapSeshascomefromsourceswithinthelinguistic eld|mostnotablyV,}Ge-'o reyAK.PullumandWilliamA.Ladusarw,f'whosebSook,3@ cmti12PhoneticJDSymbffol'GuidewrasusedextensivelyV.ThePhoneticSymbffolGuidenotonlyliststhe'Inrternational$PhoneticAlphabSet(IPVA)$charactersanddiacritics,Lsitalsogives' 33ffd g^ O!cmsy7K`y cmr10AdaptedUUforL5ffٓRcmr7A͉TU>'ExXandNFSS  X^yAdaptedUUforL5ffA͉TU>'ExXandNFSS21*t/'an#enlargedillustrationofeacrhcharacterwhichshowsitsbaseline,height,'depthandx-heighrt.ThesecharacterillustrationswereinvXaluableinthede-'signoftheWSUIPeA`- cmcsc10`met32afontcrharacters.9SevreralotherpSeopleinvolvedinthewonderfulworldoflinguisticsalso'aided\inthedesignoftheWSUIPeAfonrt.Theirinputconcerningeverything'fromcrharactershapSe,9toplacementwithinthefont,9todeterminingwhich'crharactersfXshouldbSeincluded,isgratefullyacknowledged. If6wouldespSecially'likreNtothankKarenMullen,AssoSciateProfessorofEnglish,UnivrersityNof'Louisville,}Louisville,KenrtuckyV. She-Ktested,}usedtheWSUIPeAfonrts,and'toSok/thetimetogivreseveralsuggestionsandrecommendationsthathave'improrved,thefonrt.kAlso, ChristinaA.Thiele,ManagingDirector,Journal'ProSductionrCenrtre,CarletonUniversityV,Ottawa,Ontario,whornotonlypro-'videdTawrealthofphoneticinformation,butalsoawealthofencouragement'throughouttheenrtirefontdesigningproScess.9IncludedwiththeWSUIPeAfonrtsare:䓍82!", cmsy10DTheSnbasicWSUIPeAfonrtwhichcontains128phoneticcharactersand/orDdiacriticsdin vredi erentpSointsizes(8,9,10,11dand12)andinthreeDtrypSefaces(roman,slantedandbSoldextended).܍8DEacrhsizeandtypSefaceincludesaTFM(T UE!XFVontMetric) leanditsDrelatedGF,PKorPXL le(afteryrougeneratethem).8DAkmacrolpacrkXage(IPeAMA!CS.TEX)forusewiththeWSUIPeAfonrtforDT UE!XandLDD"A_T UEXwithoutNFSSgusers.Note,MthatthispacrkXageisnotDnecessaryforNFSSLDD"A_T UE!Xusers.8DAstryle le(IPeA.STY)forNFSSLDD"A_T UE!Xusers,and8Dthreei@WSUIPAFontUser'sGuides. The rstoneisforT UE!X(IPeA-DMAN.TEX4{ztheoriginalmanrual),?thesecondoneforLDD"A_T UE!XwithoutDNFSS(IPeAMAN.LTX{themanrualadaptedbyW.Antweiler)andtheDthirdoneisthisone.䒍9Thisguideisdividedinrtothreemainsections:䓍5h1.DaninrtroSductiontotheWSUIPeAfont,5h2.DadescriptionofthefonrtlayoutandthecharactersincludedinthefontDand2 Zt/5h3.DhorwtouseIPeAmoreinmoresophisticatedandinsimplerwayV.9AlthoughtheWSUIPeAfonrtsarewrittenin`met32afont,theuserdoSesnot'needexpSeriencewithorknorwledgeof`met32afonttousethefont.(V'A2DInutro=ductionztotheWSUIPaGAFonutb#'The~WSUIPeAfonrtsarewrittenin`met32afontandusethesamefontparam-'eter@vXaluesastheirComputerMoSdern(CM)@counrterparts(cmrandcmbx).'Ink(fact,HwhiledesigningthecrharactershapSes,thecomputermoSderncode'wraswleftintactormoSdi edonlyslightlywheneverpSossible.NTherefore,the'WSUIPeA@fonrtsaretotallycompatiblewithcomputermoSdernfonts|thede-'signjandshapSeofthecrharactersarecomputermodernwherevrerpossible.!FVor'the`crharactersthataredrasticallydi erentfromanycomputermoSdernchar-'actersworsymrbSols,suchwasthe\Gamma,"\BabryGamma"andthe\Esh,"'PullumbandLadusarw'sPhoneticSymbffolGuidebwasusedasthecharacter'designstandard.9ThesDWSUIPeAfonrtsareobviouslynotanexhaustivecollectionofphonetic'orOevrenrecognizedInternationalPhoneticAlphabSetcharacters..Thechar-'actersincludedintheWSUIPeAfonrtwerechoseneitherbSecausetheywere'listedasa\major"enrtryinPullumandLadusaw'sPhonetic=SymbffolGuide,'ordbSecauseoftherecommendationsfromvXariouspeoplewithaninrterestin'thefonrt.9Phonetic;hSymbffolGuideconrtainswhatitclassi esas\major"and\minor"'crharacters,79basedupSonwhetherthesymbSolisanociallyrecognizedIPVA'crharacterorisdeterminedbyPullumandLadusawtobSeastandardsymbSol'inLScurrenrtAmericantranscriptualpractice.]PhoneticSymbffolGuideLSlists78'\major"enrtrieswhicharenoteasilyattainableintheCMfonts.#All78of'these9crharactersareincludedintheWSUIPeAfont,Jalongwith50\minor"'enrtriesfromPhoneticSymbffolGuide.+Theselectionofwhich\minor"entries'toincludewrasbasedoninformationandrequestsfromvXariousphoneticians'andelinguistswhoconrtactedWSU-duringthebSeginningstagesofthecreation'ofthefonrt.3t/'A3DThezLauyoutoftheWSUIPaGAFonutb#'The,crharacter-groupingpatternfollowedbyPullumandLadusawintheir'PhoneticSymbffolGuideowrasadoptedasthebasisfortheWSUIPeAfontlay-'out.ũThecrharactersaregroupSedtogetheraccordingtoshaperatherthan'usage.&Therefore,the\a"shapSesoccuprythe rstpositions:'00through'04,'\b"EshapSesareinpositions'05through'11andsoforth.JTheaccenrtsand'diacritics;;follorwthecharactershapSesandareinthelastpositionsinthefonrt.'ThisapproacrhwastakenbSecauseunderitwasassumedthatundermostcir-'cumstances,theuserwrouldmostlikelybSeaccessingthecharacterswiththe'useofmacrosratherthanbrytypinglargepSortionsofentirelyphonetictext.'Aside"fromkreepinglikeshapSestogether,pthepositioningoftheWSUIPeAfonrt'wrasfairlyarbitraryV.(V'A4DCharacterzDescription'WithinNthissectioneacrhoftheWSUIPeAcharactersareshownina`met32a-'fontv\smokremoSde"proof.ITheoctalcrharacterpositionisindicated, along'withthecorrespSondingmacronameinIPeAMA!CS,andthenameofthecrhar-'acterVgivreninPhoneticSymbffolGuide.OnlyVtheromancharacterswillbSe'illustratedsincetheshapSesoftheslanrtedandboldextendedarethesame.9ThereVaresevreralGreekcharactersincludedintheWSUIPeAfont,and'initiallyitmaryappSearthesearemerelycopiesofthecorrespondingCMGreek'crharacters.8ThatoistruewithoneveryimpSortantdistinction:CtheWSUIPeA'GreekTcrharactersincludedarenotitalic.sAllthelowercaseGreekcharacters'includedintheCMOfonrtsareitalicwhichmakesthemunsuitableforsome'situationsinphoneticswhereanon-italicGreekcrharacterisessential.4t/쌻-{t٫ffz  &cͤYff~d5N cmbx12WSUIPACharactersffffz ffz ͤYff͟dCharwff,oChar͟YffQ2`IP3AMAfCS YffKPullum&LadusawO)YffͤYff͟dCoSdeffKYffQ2Name?}YffKName2Yffffz ͤYff͟d'0097ff6:eP 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&cͤYffWdWSUIPACharactersffff+ff+ͤYff͟dCharwff,oChar͟YffQ2`IP3AMAfCS YffFPullum&LadusawYffͤYff͟dCoSdeffKYffQ2Name*|YffFNamemf Yffff+ͤYff͟d'140 Y;ff6dYe`8YffQ2nyrogh*_YffFyroghr}YffͤYff͟d'141 Y;ff6dYea8YffQ2ncurlyyrogh>YffFcurly-tailyrogh@ZYffͤYff͟d'142 Y;ff6dYeb8YffQ2nglotstopџYffFglottalstopPGYffͤYff͟d'143 Y;ff6dYec8YffQ2nrevglotstopYffFrevrersedglottalstop"YffͤYff͟d'144 Y;ff6dYed8YffQ2ninrvglotstop S1YffFinrvertedglottalstop"YffͤYff͟d'145 Y;ff6dYee8YffQ2nejectivreYffFejectivred裟YffͤYff͟d'146 Y;ff6dYef8YffQ2nrevrejectMYffFrevrersedejective7&EYffͤYff͟d'147 Y;ff6eg>YffQ2ndenrtal#1YffFsubscriptbridge8UYffͤYff͟d'150 Y;ff7Xeh97YffQ2nstress%ꕟYffFvrerticalstroke(supSerior) WYffͤYff͟d'151 Y;ff7Xei97YffQ2nsecstress[YffFvrerticalstroke(inferior)џYffͤYff͟d'152 Y;ff7Xej97YffQ2nsyllabicϟYffFsyllabicitrymark8 YffͤYff͟d'153 Y;ff6ek>YffQ2ncorner"2YffFcornerk-YffͤYff͟d'154 Y;ff6 elYffQ2nupt0wYffFIPVApSoinrterNΟYffͤYff͟d'155 Y;ff6 emYffQ2ndorwnt"+YffFIPVApSoinrterNΟYffͤYff͟d'156 Y;ff6 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Y;ff6:eqYffQ2nunderarcrhUYffFsubscriptarcrhBՇYffff+8 ft/'A5DUsingzthef߆TG cmtt12fipa.styAStuyleFileb#'Inadditiontothenecessaryfonrt-related les,theWSUIPeAfontpackXagealso'includesRa lecalledIPeA.STY.Thisisamacrostryle lewhichsuppSortsLDD"A_T UE!X'under*NFSS(newfonrtselectionscheme).#gItgreatlysimpli estheusageof'newfonrtasitwillbSeseeninthissection.wThe lealsode nesmnemonics'forsimplerusageofcrharactersfromanewfont.ETheyarethesameasones'givrenintablesintheprevioussection.9IfyrouareusingIPVAfontallwhatyouneedtodoistomentionIPeAstyle' leintheheaderofyrourLDD"A_T UE!Xsource.8FVorexample:㼍'6߆T cmtt12\documentstyle[ipa]{article}9TheM8IPeAstryle lede nesanewfontfamilynipa,ebutyoudon'tneedto'knorwthis,bSecauseyouwilluseitonlythroughthemnemonics.9Because2\thenewfonrtisinstalledunderNFSS,thesystemwillalsoalways'crhoSosevthecorrectshape,series,andvsizewhenevreryouwishtouseit.݋FVor'example:㼍DA,shibilantisatermoccasionallyfoundforaDfricative,correspondingtoa``hushing''sound,De.g.,,IPA[\esh](moretechnically,agroovedDlaminal,fricativewithasign{\large\bf\esh}.).'whicrhwillprintas:DAshibilanrtisatermoSccasionallyfoundforafricativecorre-DspSondingΎtoa\hrushing"sound,-e.g.,IPVA·[eM](moreΎtechnicallyV,-aDgroSorvedlaminalfricativrewithasigng`Jff wbxipa12gM.).'orevrenD\dots,whichisthecaseintheaforementionedDinstances,,however,{\large\bfwegettheotherDretroflex,consonants:D[\nj],,[\taill],[\taild],and[\tailr]}.TheyDare,printed{\small\slalsoasD[\nj],,[\taill],[\taild],and[\tailr]}.'willprinrtas,9 {t/D.T..whicrh9isthecaseintheaforementionedinstances,however,Dwe,gettheotherretro exconsonants:[hP ff wsuipa12h7],G[h0],[h],andD[hF].Theyareprinrtedalsofas[iS 3 wsuipa10i7],[i0],[i],and[iF].'ThisQGmeansthatyroucanfreelychangesizes,oseries,shapSesQGandfonts(assum-'ingvthatthereexistsawrantedvfont{notehowever,thatIPVAvfontcomesonly'inbSoldextendedandmediumseries,andinnormalandslanrtedshape.)9A:nrumbSeruofWSUIPeAdiacriticscanbeusedontoporthebottomofother'crharacters.TVoyfhandlethisIPeAprovidestwomacros:?ndiatopandndiaunder.'The rstone(ndiatop)hasthesynrtax:]d\diatop[diacritics|character]'Itȫtakresoneargumentwhichisdelimitedbysquarebrackets([])ratherthan'curlyUbraces,sfandhastrwoUparts.21 3The rstpartoftheargumenrtisdelimited,'orseparated,fromthesecondpartbryaverticalbar(j).GThemacrondiatop'putsthe rstpartoftheargumenrtoverthesecond.9UsingndiatopwrecanputaringoveranothercharacterbyV,DThe,overringmaybeusedoverletterswithdescendersDas,analternativetounder-ringtoindicatedevoicing,De.g.,[\diatop[\overring|g]].'andtheoutputwrouldbSe,DThe=orverringmaybSeusedoverletterswithdescendersasanal-Dternativretounder-ringtoindicatedevoicing,e.g.8[exwwg].9Thendiatopmacroalsoallorwsplacementmorethanonecharacterstacked'orveranothercrharacter.8FVorexample,DFor,areallyspecial\diatop[{\diatop[\'|\overring]}|n]'willprinrtas:DFVorareallyspSecialbWexn' pffd ^1F*romYtheL5ffA͉TU>'ExXpGerspectiveYmorecorrectlywouldbGetousecurlybraces(fg)instead of=squarebrackets=([]),ɷbutweleftthesquarebracketstoremaincompatiblewiththepreviousUUversionsoftheIPeAMA!CS le.10 mt/'Notice2 theuseofcurlybracestogrouptheargumenrtofthe rstndiatop'whenmorethanonendiatopcommandisused.9Thesecondmacro(ndiaunder)hasasimilarsynrtax:tɗ\diaunder[diacritics|character]'As}ndiatopitalsotakresoneargumentwhichisdelimitedbysquarebrackets,'andq,hastrwoq,partsseparatedbryaverticalbar(j).aItputsthe rstpartofthe'argumenrtunderthesecond.9Usingndiaunderwrecanputeyunderrasin:DA,voicelesstrilledr\diaunder[\underring|r]Din,certainScottishdialects.'whicrhwillprintas:DAvroicelesstrilledrGey ;r9incertainScottishdialects.9FVurthermore,!%itisalsopSossibletogetoneormoreaccenrtsoveracharacter'andanotheraccenrtorcharacterunderit.8FVorexample:DThis,isareally,reallyspecialD\diatop[\overring|{\diaunder[\underring|r]}]'willprinrtas:DThisisareallyV,reallyspSecialexGy ;r(i 'A6DHistoricalzremarks}'The  rstvrersionofthismanualwaswrittenbyW.AntweileroftheUni-'vrersityofCologneComputingCenrtre,RobSert-Koch-Str.10,D-5000K oln'41,GermanryV,e-mail:a0062@uvax.rrz.uni-koeln.de.Thisj manualdidnot'includeoBinformationabSouttheoriginalauthor.AllfonrtsalongwiththeT UE!X-'macros%andtheoriginalmanrualcanbSeretrievedviaanonymousftpfrom'ymir.claremont.edu.9The9nextvrersionconsistedofachangedmanualandnewLDD"A_T UE!Xstyle le'ipa.sty,WwhicrhCsuppSortedNFSS.Thestyle lewasbasedonpreviousT UE!X-'macros.!EItwithanaccompanryingWSUIPVAmanualwaspreparedbyAndrej11 7t/'BroSdnik (Andy)oftheUnivrersity ofWVaterloo,DepartmenrtofComputer'Science,200kUnivrersityAvenueWVest,WaterloSo,Onrtario,N2Lkn3G1,Canada,'e-mail:8abrodnik@uwaterloo.ca.9This&vrersionofthemanualisalmostthesameasthepreviousone,5only'stryle lewasupgradedforLDD"A_T UE!XNFSS2. y TheywerepreparedbyDenis'RoSegel< ofCRIN;(CenrtredeRechercheenInformatiquedeNancy),PbF-54506'VVandoSeuvre-les-Nancy,France,e-mail:Njroegel@loria.frmandAndrejBroSd-'nik.12;t iS 3 wsuipa10hP ff wsuipa12g`Jff wbxipa12f߆TG cmtt12eP wsuipa12`- cmcsc10CDtqGcmr17ANG cmbx129XQ ff cmr126߆T cmtt125N cmbx123@ cmti122!", cmsy100XQ cmr12'K`y 3 cmr10|{Ycmr8 !", cmsy10 O!cmsy7K`y cmr10ٓRcmr7k