; TeX output 1990.05.16:1048n HGCcmbx14CUsing@theWSUInternationalPhoneticAlphabpetpA֝cmr14AJanuary9,1990*jt*7N cmbx12Prefacej&t*5XQ cmr12ThisusersguideisinrtendedtoserveasahelpandsupplementtotheWVashingtont*StateHUnivrersityInternationalPhoneticAlphabSet(K`y cmr10WSUIP*A)fonts.kItisnotintendedtobSet*aOmanrualonT UE!X,linguistics,northecorrectusageofthecharacters,naccentsanddiacriticst*conrtainedwithinthefont.(0ItisassumedthattheuserisfamiliarwiththeversionofT UE!Xt*heborsheisusingandwiththecrharacterscontainedwithintheWSUIP*Afont. Becausethet*uses;foraphoneticalphabSetfonrtareprobablyasvXariedasthemanydisciplineswhicht*usethecrharacters,thisguideisintendedtomerelyshowsomeofthemostcommonwayst*ofZ$usingtheWSUIP*Afonrt.USurelyeachpSersonwhoimplementsthefontwilldevelophist*orherorwnfavoritewayofworkingwithandusingthefont.j&t*ThePprincipalsourceofinformationregardingthecrharactersandtheirshapSeshast*comefromsourceswithinthelinguistic eld|mostnotablyV, QGeo reyK.Pullumandt*WilliamUA.Ladusarw,whosebSook,6@ cmti12Phonetic_SymbffolGuideUwrasusedextensivelyV. xCThet*Phonetic,SymbffolGuidenotonlyliststheInrternationalPhoneticAlphabSet(IPVA)charac-t*tersanddiacritics,ſitalsogivresanenlargedillustrationofeachcharacterwhichshowsitst*baseline,#heighrt,depthandx-height.6ThesecharacterillustrationswereinvXaluableinthet*designoftheWSUIP*A1*= manfntMETAF9ONTcrharacters.&t*Sevreral0`otherpSeopleinvolvedinthewonderfulworldoflinguisticsalsoaidedinthet*designj.oftheWSUIP*Afonrt.qTheirinputconcerningeverythingfromcharactershapSe,tot*placemenrtwithinthefont,todeterminingwhichcharactersshouldbSeincluded,isgrate-t*fullygacrknowledged. 2Ig{wouldespSeciallyliketothankKarenMullen,AssoSciateProfessoroft*English,=lUnivrersityofLouisville,Louisville,KenrtuckyV.Shetested,usedtheWSUIP*Afonrts,t*and*toSokthetimetogivreseveralsuggestionsandrecommendationsthathaveimprovedthet*fonrt.lAlso,ChristinaKA.Thiele,ManagingDirector,JournalProSductionCenrtre,Carletont*UnivrersityV,Z/Ottawa,Ontario,who6notonlyprorvidedawealthofphoneticinformation,Z/butt*alsoawrealthofencouragementthroughouttheentirefontdesigningproScess.&t*IncludedwiththeWSUIP*Afonrtsare:91.2ThebasicWSUIP*Afonrtwhichcontains128phoneticcharactersand/ordiacritics2inǴ vredi erentpSointsizes(8,9,10,11Ǵand12)andinthreetypSefaces(roman,2slanrtedandbSoldextended).92.2Eacrh sizeandtypSefaceincludesaTFM(T UE!XFVontMetric) leanditsrelatedGF,2PKorPXL le.93.2AmacropacrkXage(IP*AMACS.TEX)forusewiththeWSUIPAfonrt,and94.2theWSUIPA35FontUser'sGuide.&t*Thisguideisdividedinrtothreemainsections:g1)anintroSductiontotheWSUIP*At*fonrt, 2)+adescriptionofthefontlayoutandthecharactersincludedinthefontand3)*t*2NLWSUIPA35UsersGuiden썑t*someT UE!XniquesforusewiththeWSUIP*Afonrts.4L&t*Although\theWSUIP*AfonrtsarewritteninMETAF9ONT,theuserdoSesnotneedexpe-t*riencewithorknorwledgeofMETAF9ONTtousethefont.jHowever,awatleastabSeginningt*understanding=ofT UE!XandtheuseoffonrtsintheT UEXenrvironment=isnecessaryV. /Fort*informationabSouteitherT UE!XorfonrtusageinT UEX,seeThe35TUEuXbffookbryDonaldKnuth.14Lt*Intro`ductiontotheWSUIPAFont#4L&t*TheWSUIP*AfonrtsarewritteninMETAF9ONTandusethesamefontparametervXaluest*as(theirComputerMoSdern(CM)counrterparts(cmrandcmbx).`Infact,!whiledesigningt*the1crharactershapSes,|thecomputermoderncodewrasleftintactormoSdi edonlyslightlyt*whenevreripSossible.b"Therefore,;theWSUIP*Afontsaretotallycompatiblewithcomputert*moSdern2fonrts|thedesignandshapeofthecrharactersarecomputermodernwherevrert*pSossible. FVorpthecrharactersthataredrasticallydi erentfromanycomputermoSdernt*crharacters1orsymbSols,suchasthe\Gamma,"\BabyGamma"andthe\Esh,"Pullumt*andLadusarw'sPhonetic35SymbffolGuidewasusedasthecharacterdesignstandard.&t*TheT֫WSUIP*Afonrtsareobviouslynotanexhaustivecollectionofphoneticorevent*recognized1InrternationalPhoneticAlphabSetcharacters.zThecharactersincludedinthet*WSUIP*AfonrtwerechoseneitherbSecausetheywerelistedasa\major"entryinPullumt*andLadusarw'sGuide,corbSecauseoftherecommendationsfromvXariouspeoplewithant*inrterestinthefont.&t*The9bGuideconrtainswhatitclassi esas\major"and\minor"characters,\basedupSont*whetherthesymrbSolisanociallyrecognizedIPVAcharacterorisdeterminedbyPullumt*andr!LadusarwtobSeastandardsymbSolincurrentAmericantranscriptualpractice.KThet*Guidelists78\major"enrtrieswhicharenoteasilyattainableintheCMfonts.SAll78oft*theseDcrharactersareincludedintheWSUIP*Afont,Xalongwith50\minor"entriesfromthet*Guide.ETheDSselectionofwhicrh\minor"entriestoincludewasbasedoninformationandt*requests(fromvXariousphoneticiansandlinguistswhoconrtactedWSUduringthebSeginningt*stagesofthecreationofthefonrt.14Lt*TheLayoutoftheWSUIPAFont#4L&t*Thecrharacter-groupingpatternfollowedbyPullumandLadusawintheirGuidewast*adoptedEasthebasisfortheWSUIP*Afonrtlayout.ThecharactersaregroupSedtogethert*according2toshapSeratherthanusage.cTherefore,}the\a"shapesoccuprythe rstpositions:t*'00Wthrough'04,ۃ\b"shapSesareinpositions'05through'11andsoforth.zTheaccenrtst*and<%diacriticsfollorwthecharactershapSesandareinthelastpositionsinthefonrt.-XThist*approacrh wastakenbSecauseunderitwasassumedthatundermostcircumstances,&thet*userwwrouldmostlikelybSeaccessingthecharacterswiththeuseofmacrosratherthanbyt*tryping3mlargepSortionsofentirelyphonetictext..AsidefromkeepinglikeshapSestogether,t*thepSositioningoftheWSUIP*AfonrtwasfairlyarbitraryV.t*WSUIPA35UsersGuideNL3n썑t*CharacterDescription&t*WithinthissectioneacrhoftheWSUIP*AcharactersareshowninaMETAF9ONT\smoket*moSde";Eproof. *Theoctalcrharacterpositionisindicated,malongwiththecorrespondingt*macro4nameinIP*AMACS,andthenameofthecrharactergiveninP&L.Onlytheromant*crharacterslwillbSeillustratedsincetheshapesoftheslanrtedandboldextendedarethet*same.&t*There-aresevreralGreekcharactersincludedintheWSUIP*Afont,Fandinitiallyitmayt*appSeart*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'77(IIP AMA9CSTName::\closedniomegaPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mclosedomega5JIP ATCharacter::? _Vt*12HPWSUIPA35UsersGuidenô t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'100(IIP AMA9CSTName::\ooPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mdoubleo5JIP ATCharacter::@O" t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'101(IIP AMA9CSTName::\barpPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mbarredp5JIP ATCharacter::AR~t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'102(IIP AMA9CSTName::\thornPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mthorn5JIP ATCharacter::BS卑t*ffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'103(IIP AMA9CSTName::\niphiPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mnon-italiclorwercasegreekphiUT5JIP ATCharacter::Bt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'104(IIP AMA9CSTName::\flaprPullumT&Ladusa9wname:m shhoSokr5JIP ATCharacter::Dt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'105(IIP AMA9CSTName::\legrPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mrwithlongleg5JIP ATCharacter::Et*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'106(IIP AMA9CSTName::\tailrPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mrwithrighrttail5JIP ATCharacter::Ft*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'107(IIP AMA9CSTName::\invrPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mturnedr5JIP ATCharacter::G gɍt*WSUIPA35UsersGuideHP13nô t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'110(IIP AMA9CSTName::\tailinvrPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mturnedrwithrighrttail5JIP ATCharacter::HR~t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'111(IIP AMA9CSTName::\invlegrPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mturnedlong-leggedr5JIP ATCharacter::It*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'112(IIP AMA9CSTName::\scrPullumT&Ladusa9wname:msmallcapitalR5JIP ATCharacter::JO" t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'113(IIP AMA9CSTName::\invscrPullumT&Ladusa9wname:minrvertedsmallcapitalR5JIP ATCharacter::Kt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'114(IIP AMA9CSTName::\tailsPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mswithrighrttail5JIP ATCharacter::LR~t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'115(IIP AMA9CSTName::\eshPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mesh5JIP ATCharacter::MS卑t*ffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'116(IIP AMA9CSTName::\curlyeshPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mcurly-taileshUT5JIP ATCharacter::Nt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'117(IIP AMA9CSTName::\nisigmaPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mnon-italiclorwercasegreeksigma5JIP ATCharacter::Op0t*14HPWSUIPA35UsersGuidenô t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'120(IIP AMA9CSTName::\tailtPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mtwithrighrttail5JIP ATCharacter::PR~t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'121(IIP AMA9CSTName::\teshPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mt-eshligature5JIP ATCharacter::Qt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'122(IIP AMA9CSTName::\clicktPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mturnedt5JIP ATCharacter::RR%t*ffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'123(IIP AMA9CSTName::\nithetaPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mnon-italiclorwercasegreekthetaUT5JIP ATCharacter::SO" t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'124(IIP AMA9CSTName::\baruPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mbarredu5JIP ATCharacter::Tt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'125(IIP AMA9CSTName::\slashuPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mslashedu5JIP ATCharacter::Tt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'126(IIP AMA9CSTName::\niupsilonPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mnon-italiclorwercasegreekupsilon5JIP ATCharacter::Vt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'127(IIP AMA9CSTName::\scuPullumT&Ladusa9wname:msmallcapitalU5JIP ATCharacter::Wxۍt*WSUIPA35UsersGuideHP15nô t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'130(IIP AMA9CSTName::\barscuPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mbarredsmallcapitalU5JIP ATCharacter::XO" t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'131(IIP AMA9CSTName::\scriptvPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mscriptv5JIP ATCharacter::Yt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'132(IIP AMA9CSTName::\invwPullumT&Ladusa9wname:minrvertedw5JIP ATCharacter::Zt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'133(IIP AMA9CSTName::\nichiPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mnon-italiclorwercasegreekchi5JIP ATCharacter::[R~t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'134(IIP AMA9CSTName::\invyPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mturnedy5JIP ATCharacter::\t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'135(IIP AMA9CSTName::\scyPullumT&Ladusa9wname:msmallcapitalY5JIP ATCharacter::]O" t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'136(IIP AMA9CSTName::\curlyzPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mcurly-tailz5JIP ATCharacter::^t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'137(IIP AMA9CSTName::\tailzPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mzwithrighrttail5JIP ATCharacter::_tt*16HPWSUIPA35UsersGuidenô t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'140(IIP AMA9CSTName::\yoghPullumT&Ladusa9wname:myrogh5JIP ATCharacter::`R~t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'141(IIP AMA9CSTName::\curlyyoghPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mcurly-tailyrogh5JIP ATCharacter::aS卑t*ffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'142(IIP AMA9CSTName::\glotstopPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mglottalstopUT5JIP ATCharacter::bPwtt*ffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'143(IIP AMA9CSTName::\revglotstopPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mrevrersedglottalstopUT5JIP ATCharacter::ct*ffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'144(IIP AMA9CSTName::\invglotstopPullumT&Ladusa9wname:minrvertedglottalstopUT5JIP ATCharacter::dO" t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'145(IIP AMA9CSTName::\ejectivePullumT&Ladusa9wname:mejectivre5JIP ATCharacter::eR~t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'146(IIP AMA9CSTName::\revejectPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mrevrersedejective5JIP ATCharacter::ft*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'147(IIP AMA9CSTName::\dental#1PullumT&Ladusa9wname:msubscriptbridge5JIP ATCharacter::gt*WSUIPA35UsersGuideHP17nŴ t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'150(IIP AMA9CSTName::\stressPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mvrerticalstroke(supSerior)5JIP ATCharacter::hO" t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'151(IIP AMA9CSTName::\secstressPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mvrerticalstroke(inferior)5JIP ATCharacter::iR~t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'152(IIP AMA9CSTName::\syllabicPullumT&Ladusa9wname:msyllabicitrymark5JIP ATCharacter::jS־t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'153(IIP AMA9CSTName::\cornerPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mcorner5JIP ATCharacter::kt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'154(IIP AMA9CSTName::\uptPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mIPVApSoinrter5JIP ATCharacter::lt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'155(IIP AMA9CSTName::\downtPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mIPVApSoinrter5JIP ATCharacter::mt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'156(IIP AMA9CSTName::\lefttPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mIPVApSoinrter5JIP ATCharacter::nt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'157(IIP AMA9CSTName::\righttPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mIPVApSoinrter5JIP ATCharacter::ot*18HPWSUIPA35UsersGuidenô t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'160(IIP AMA9CSTName::\halflengthPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mhalf-lengthmark5JIP ATCharacter::pO" t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'161(IIP AMA9CSTName::\lengthPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mlengthmark5JIP ATCharacter::qt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'162(IIP AMA9CSTName::\underdotsPullumT&Ladusa9wname:msubscriptumlaut5JIP ATCharacter::rS卑t*ffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'163(IIP AMA9CSTName::\ainPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mrevrersedapSostropheUT5JIP ATCharacter::sPwtt*ffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'164(IIP AMA9CSTName::\uppPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mpSoinrterUT5JIP ATCharacter::tt*ffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'165(IIP AMA9CSTName::\downpPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mpSoinrterUT5JIP ATCharacter::ut*ffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'166(IIP AMA9CSTName::\leftpPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mpSoinrterUT5JIP ATCharacter::vt*ffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'167(IIP AMA9CSTName::\rightpPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mpSoinrterUT5JIP ATCharacter::wRt*WSUIPA35UsersGuideHP19n `t*ffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'170(IIP AMA9CSTName::\overringPullumT&Ladusa9wname:morver-ringUT5JIP ATCharacter::xO" t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'171(IIP AMA9CSTName::\underringPullumT&Ladusa9wname:munder-ring5JIP ATCharacter::ySt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'172(IIP AMA9CSTName::\openPullumT&Ladusa9wname:msubscriptlefthalf-ring5JIP ATCharacter::zS*t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'173(IIP AMA9CSTName::\midtildePullumT&Ladusa9wname:msupSerimposed(mid-)tilde5JIP ATCharacter::{t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'174(IIP AMA9CSTName::\undertildePullumT&Ladusa9wname:msubscripttilde5JIP ATCharacter::|Rԟt*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'175(IIP AMA9CSTName::\underwedgePullumT&Ladusa9wname:msubscriptwredge5JIP ATCharacter::}R~t*DFffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'176(IIP AMA9CSTName::\polishhookPullumT&Ladusa9wname:mpSolishhook5JIP ATCharacter::~ҍt*20HPWSUIPA35UsersGuiden `t*ffHEffffHE UT~5WSUIP ATChar'P9osition::'177(IIP AMA9CSTName::\underarchPullumT&Ladusa9wname:msubscriptarcrhUT5JIP ATCharacter::vt*WSUIPA35UsersGuideHP21n썑t*UsingtheIPAMACSMacros%;&t*In#additiontothenecessaryfonrt-related les,>theWSUIP*AfontpackXagealsoincludest*a lecalledIPVAMArCS.TEX.Thisisamacro lewhichincludesfontdeclarationsandt*de nitionsforusewiththeWSUIP*Afonrts.!MItalsocontainsmacrode nitionsforaccessingt*eacrhgWSUIP*AcharactermnemonicallyV,aswellassomemacrode nitionstosimplifyusingt*WSUIP*AaccenrtsanddiacriticswithComputerMoSderncharactersandviceversa.%;&t*BeforeyroucanuseanyofthemacrosfromtheIP*AMACS 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