\ifTUG
  \section{B\SecHdSep Symbols not included in \tipa{}}
\else
  \section{Symbols not included in \tipa{}}
\fi

There are about 40 symbols that appear in \PSG{} but are not included
or defined in \tipa{} (ordinary capital letters, Greek letters and
punctuation marks excluded). Most of such symbols are the ones that
have been proposed by someone but never or rarely been followed by
other people.

Some of such symbols can be realized by writing appropriate
macros, while some others cannot be realized without resorting to
the Metafont.

This section discusses these problems by classifying such symbols into
three categories, as shown below.

\begin{enumerate}
\itemsep0pt
\item Symbols that can be realized by \TeX{}'s macro level and/or by using
  symbols from other fonts.
\item Symbols that can be imitated by \TeX{}'s macro level and/or by using
  symbols from other fonts (but may not look quite satisfactory).
\item Symbols that cannot be realized at all, without creating a new
  font.
\end{enumerate}

The following table shows symbols that belong to the first category.
For each symbol, an example of input method and its output is also
given. Note that barred or crossed symbols can be easily made by
\tipa{}'s \verb|\ipabar| macro.

\ifTUG
  \def\SecLine{\> \>}
\else
  \def\SecLine{\>}
\fi

\medskip
\begin{tabbing}
\ifTUG
x \=x \=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx \= \kill
\else
x \=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx \=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx \= \kill
\fi
\> Script Lowe-case F \Sep
  \SecLine \verb|{\itshape f}| \>
  {\itshape f\/} \\
\> Barred Small Capital I \Sep
  \SecLine \verb|\ipabar{\textsci}{.5ex}{1.1}{}{}| \>
  \ipabar{\textsci}{.5ex}{1.1}{}{} \\
\> Barred J \Sep
  \SecLine \verb|\ipabar{j}{.5ex}{1.1}{}{}| \>
  \ipabar{j}{.5ex}{1.1}{}{} \\
\> Crossed K \Sep
  \SecLine \verb|\ipabar{k}{1.2ex}{.6}{}{.4}| \>
  \ipabar{k}{1.2ex}{.6}{}{.4} \\
\> Barred Open O \Sep
  \SecLine \verb|\ipabar{\textopeno}{.5ex}{.6}{.4}{}| \>
  \ipabar{\textopeno}{.5ex}{.5}{.5}{} \\
\> Barred Small Capital Omega \Sep
  \SecLine \verb|\ipabar{\textscomega}{.5ex}{1.1}{}{}| \>
  \ipabar{\textscomega}{.5ex}{1.1}{}{} \\
\> Barred P \Sep
  \SecLine \verb|\ipabar{p}{.5ex}{1.1}{}{}| \>
  \ipabar{p}{.5ex}{1.1}{}{} \\
\> Half-barred U \Sep
  \SecLine \verb|\ipabar{u}{.5ex}{.5}{}{.5}| \>
  \ipabar{u}{.5ex}{.5}{}{.5} \\
\> Barred Small Capital U \Sep
  \SecLine \verb|\ipabar{\textscu}{.5ex}{1.1}{}{}| \>
  \ipabar{\textscu}{.5ex}{1.1}{}{} \\
\> Null Sign \Sep
  \SecLine \verb|$\emptyset$| \>
  $\emptyset$ \\
\> Double Slash \Sep
  \SecLine \verb|/\kern-.25em/| \>
  /\kern-.25em/ \\
\> Triple Slash \Sep
  \SecLine \verb|/\kern-.25em/\kern-.25em/| \>
  /\kern-.25em/\kern-.25em/ \\
\> Pointer (Upward) \Sep
  \SecLine \verb|k\super{\tiny$\wedge$}| \>
  k\super{\tiny$\wedge$} \\
\> Pointer (Downward) \Sep
  \SecLine \verb|k\super{\tiny$\vee$}| \>
  k\super{\tiny$\vee$} \\
\> Superscript Arrow \Sep
  \SecLine \verb|k\super{\super{$\leftarrow$}}| \>
  k\super{\super{$\leftarrow$}}
\end{tabbing}

\medskip

Symbols that belong to the second category are shown below. Note that
slashed symbols can be in fact easily made by a macro. For example, a
slashd b i.e. \ipaclap{b}{/} can be made by \verb|\ipaclap{b}{/}|. The
reason why slashed symbols are not included in \tipa{} is as follows:
first, a simple overlapping of a symbol and a slash does not always
result in a good shape, and secondly, it doesn't seem significant to
devise fine-tuned macros for symbols which were created essentialy for
typewriters.

\medskip
\begin{tabbing}
\ifTUG
x \=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx \= \kill
\else
x \=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx \= \kill
\fi
\> Right-hook A \>
  a\kern-.15em\raise.06ex\hbox{\textrthook} \\
\> Slashed B \>
  \ipaclap{b}{/} \\
\> Slashed C \>
  \ipaclap{c}{/} \\
\> Slashed D \>
  \ipaclap{d}{/} \\
\> Small Capital Delta \>
  {\small $\Delta$} \\
\> Right-hook E \>
  e\kern-.159em\raise.18ex\hbox{\textrthook} \\
\> Right-hook Epsilon \>
  \textepsilon\kern-.188em\raise.08ex\hbox{\textrthook} \\
\> Small Capital F \>
  {\small\scshape f} \\
\> Female Sign \>
   \\
\> Uncrossed Female Sign \>
   \\
\> Right-hook Open O \>
   \\
\> Slashed U \>
  \ipaclap{u}{/} \\
\> Slashed W \>
  \ipaclap{w}{/}
\end{tabbing}

\medskip

And finally, symbols that cannot be realized at all are as follows.

\begin{itemize}
\itemsep0pt
\item Reversed Turned Script A
\item A-O Ligature
\item Inverted Small Capital A
\item Small Capital A-O Ligature
\item D with Upper-left Hook
\item Hooktop H with Rightward Tail
\item Heng
\item Hooktop J
\item Front-bar N
\item Inverted Lower-case Omega
\item Reversed Esh with Top Loop
\item T with Upper Left Hook
\item Turned Small Capital U
\item Bent-tail Yogh
\item Turned 2
\item Turned 3
\end{itemize}

\endinput