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\chapter{Keldysh Pencils}
\section{Holomorphic operator-valued functions}

The main object of study in this book is polynomial operator pencils
(operator polynomials). However, it is more convenient for us to give
certain definitions and results for the more general case of
holomorphic operator-valued functions.

Let $U$ be a domain in $\bold C$, $\cal{B}$ be a complex Banach space,
and $f(\lambda)$ a $\cal{B}$-valued function defined in $U$. Such a
function $f(\lambda)$ is said to be {\it strongly \rom(weakly\rom)
holomorphic} in $U$ if for any $\lambda_0\in U$ the strong (weak)
limit
\begin{equation}
\lim_{\lambda\to\lambda_0}\frac{f(\lambda)-f(\lambda_0)}{\lambda-\lambda_0}\
(=f'(\lambda_0))
\end{equation}
exists.

Obviously,  $f(\lambda)$ is weakly holomorphic if and only if any function
$\psi(f(\lambda))$ is holomorphic, where $\psi\in\cal{B}^*$.

An operator-valued function $A(\lambda)$ $(\lambda\in U)$ with values in
$L(\cal H)$ is said to be {\it uniformly \rom(strongly, weakly\rom) holomorphic}
 if for any $\lambda_0\in U$ the uniform (strong, weak) limit
\begin{equation}
\lim_{\lambda\to\lambda_0}\frac{A(\lambda)-A(\lambda_0)}{\lambda-\lambda_0}
\ (=A'(\lambda_0))
\end{equation}
exists.

Test of citations: 
\cite{dihe:newdir},
\cite{fre:cichon},
\cite{gouja:lagrmeth},
\cite{hapa:graphenum},
\cite{imlelu:oneway},
\cite{komiyo:unipfunc},
\cite{komiyo:lincomp},
\cite{liuchow:formalsum},
\cite{mami:matrixth},
\cite{miyoki:lincomp},
\cite{moad:quadpro},
\cite{ste:sint},
\cite{ye:intalg}.

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